{"id":3668,"date":"2024-04-15T17:50:49","date_gmt":"2024-04-15T21:50:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ramapo.edu\/holocaust\/?page_id=3668"},"modified":"2024-04-15T18:05:10","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T22:05:10","slug":"hutu-and-tutsi-a-casualty-of-colonialism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ramapo.edu\/holocaust\/hutu-and-tutsi-a-casualty-of-colonialism\/","title":{"rendered":"Kwibuka 30, Panel 1"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>

Hutu and Tutsi: A Casualty of Colonialism<\/p><\/div>\n

Hutus Fleeing to the Democratic Republic of Congo (then Zaire)<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Hutu and Tutsi: A Casualty of Colonialism<\/h4>\n

Following the journeys of German explorer Gustav Adolf von Gotzen, Rwanda would become one of the primary colonies of German East Africa. With the treaty of Versailles, it fell to Belgium, which desired to control its rubber, minerals, and agricultural products.\u00a0At the point of colonization, Rwandans were generally divided into three groups largely tied to class: Twa, Hutu, and Tutsi.<\/p>\n

Belgium brought what had largely been a foreign concept to Rwanda, the idea of a racial hierarchy. Belgian colonial agents, combined their notions of racial hierarchy with an idea known as the Hamitic Myth. The narrative held that Tutsi\u2014who led Rwanda\u2019s monarchy\u2014were from Northern Africa, while Hutu were indigenous to Rwanda. Essentially, they designated Tutsi as having greater proximity to whiteness as compared to Hutu, elevating them and enshrining their dominance in Rwanda colonial society. With the 1959 revolution and the installation of a Hutu Republic, Tutsi hatred became a hallmark of the new society, especially as Tutsi fled Rwanda en masse following the monarchy\u2019s fall. Decades of division and hate towards the minority Tutsi, focused on the same physical characteristics used by the Belgians to elevate them, culminated in the 1994 genocide. Extremist Hutu justified violence against Tutsi by pointing to the actions by the Rwandan Patriotic Front\u2014largely comprising Tutsi who had fled with the fall of the Monarchy\u2014notably accusing it of felling a plane carrying the Rwandan President. In response to this event, Hutu extremists initiated a genocide. In sum, the colonial period largely served to escalate and reshape underlying tensions and divisions within Rwandan society; establishing favoritism, mistrust, and cultivating hatred between Hutu and Tutsi.<\/p>\n

Quick Links<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rwanda: A Brief History of the Country<\/a><\/p>\n

What led to the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda?<\/a><\/p>\n

Bibliography<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alluri, Rina M. \u201cA History of Conflict: The Rwandan Civil War and Genocide.\u201d The Role of\u00a0<\/em>Tourism in Post-Conflict Peacebuilding in Rwanda<\/em>. Swisspeace, 2009.<\/p>\n

Braeckman, Colette. 2021. \u201cBelgium\u2019s Role in Rwandan Genocide.\u201d Le Monde Diplomatique<\/em>.\u00a0June 1, 2021.<\/p>\n

Korman, R\u00e9mi. \u201cThe Tutsi Body in the 1994 Genocide: Ideology, Physical Destruction, and\u00a0Memory.\u201d In Destruction and Human Remains: Disposal and Concealment in Genocide and Mass Violence<\/em>, edited by \u00c9lisabeth Anstett and Jean-Marc Dreyfus, 226\u201342. Manchester University Press, 2014.<\/p>\n

Mamdani, Mahmood. When Victims Become Killers:Colonialism, Nativism,\u00a0<\/em>and the Genocide in Rwanda. <\/em>Princeton University Press, 2019.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe True Story of Tutsis and Hutus.\u201d Tampa Bay Times<\/em>, December 24, 1995.<\/p>\n

Photo Source<\/strong><\/p>\n

BBC. “Africa’s Week in Pictures: 11-17 April 2014<\/a>.” 2014. BBC News<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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